One of the distinctive manifestations of odes at Age of is Jahelid is depiction and description of ridding animal for the Jahelid Arabic man in general and camel in particular, that is friend, attendant and associate for the poet and apparently by allusive borrowing from limbs of symbolic animals like zebra, ox and ostrich etc he/she has sparsely illustrated it. Unlike the technique adapted by prior critics and some of contemporary orators, this paper is intended to interpret variously seemingly- diffusive descriptions from Jahelid Arabic poet from his/her ridding animal in order to reveal depth of links among concepts and their different themes by analysis based on symbolic deciphering and decoding and such symbolic elements to be embodied within a mythical nature. Accordingly, it does not seem probable that in Jahelid ode, camel to be symbol of an ideal poet or human that was linked to camel and it is symbol of power, agility, wisedome, keenness, prudence, sense of responsibility, rigidness and stability etc.

There is no doubt that fantastic whispers and melodies of love terms, which have found its way into sonnet envelope through the body of Arabic poetry and literature and drew poets' attention ever-increasingly and welcomed by them, were followed by a type of verse that was seriously affected by charming and nice odes recited by well-known literary characters at Age of Jahelid. At the beginning of their verses, by orientation of rising and turbulent waves on the endless shores of emotions and feelings, they lay foundations for sonnet frameworks and prepared platform for change and development in literary attitude of poets at the next periods.Following of sociopolitical and economic developments, the Islamic and Umayyad periods which are considered as turning point in Arabic history, neologism and innovation seemed inevitable in poetic themes including sonnet, so that making effort for creation of modern principles and bases was substituted by adaptation of the pre-accepted principles. Sonnet versifiers in Umayyad era organized their own new principles and introduced sonnet as an independent poetic theme while romantic odes at the beginning of poems were not faded away by inspiration from attribute of power honesty and consolidation against modern branches of poetic frameworks and managed to survive dynamically.

The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 and 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and sperm penetration (SP) rate in the perivitelline layer of Hubbard hen (180 hens) were investigated. In the second experiment, three (different) sperm concentrations (100 (C100), 200 (C200), and 400 (C400) million sperm in 0.25 mL per hen) of Hubbard roosters (40 roosters, 62 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and SP rate of Hubbard broiler breeder hens (270 hens) were explored. In the first experiment, the results showed that the temperature of 5 °C of diluted semen compared to the 25 °C, increased percentage of hatchability of set eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, and SP and decreased early embryonic mortality. The results of the second experiment showed the highest percentage of fertility and SP rate were observed at treatment C400. Also, in this experiment that highest percentage of hatchability of set eggs and hatchability of fertile eggs and lowest early embryonic mortality were observed at treatment C400. Return on investment (ROI) of the treatments C200 and C400 was approximately 2.9 and 1.4, respectively. In overall, the results of this study showed that (in attention to ROI and hatchability) to optimize artificial insemination of aged broiler breeder hens we can use a sperm concentration of 200 to 400 million in 0.25 mL per hens at 5 °C.

Purpose: The present research aimed at finding an answer to the question of the process of influence of cyberspace on Iranian Poetry in the future, and the influence of cyberspace on various aspects of poetry such as content, its audience, the poet, the media that published the poem, the process of composing the poem, the rights of the author, and Globalization of the Iranian poetry. Method: The Delphi technique was used to carry out this research. A group of experts comprising professors in the fields of Communication and Literature was selected. The expert’s opinions were collected and analyzed through an in-depth interview, a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and by the execution of three stages of Delphi rounds. Findings: Accordingly, considering the content, the experts predicted that due to the impact of cyberspace, the quality of the poetry will be reduced and consequently, the language of poetry will become simpler and close to prose and it will only reflect the daily events of life. Regarding the audience, they concluded that the audience’s selection power will be increased, however, we can differentiate between the public and professional audience. With respect to the sender, there will be no phenomenon of multi authors, and regarding the channel, the experts agreed upon Media Convergence besides, the poets’ agency in publishing their own poems will be increased. Conclusion: Experts believe that the spread of communication technologies will make censorship ineffective. This is the only case in which the group believes in the impact of technology on the future of poetry. The group of experts did not reach a consensus regarding the impact of technology on the phenomena such as publication of author’s poems as one’s original work and the Globalization of Iranian poetry, thus, analyzed these items in the framework of the human agency.

In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per each replicate. The sources of selenium used included sodium selenite and organic selenium from Spirulina algae which were replaced at two levels of 50 and 100 percent. The organic selenium was produced by the culture of Spirulina algae and its enrichment with selenium. The selenium content of different treatments was measured by ICP-Mass method. In this experiment, the feed intake and body weight gain parameters were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 42 day of age, one bird was slaughtered from each replicate and the weight of carcass ready to cook was measured. The breast meat was sampled for measurement of pH and selenium storage. The results showed that it was not observed any significant difference in performance traits and ready to cook carcass percentage among different treatments. There was no significant difference in breast muscle pH at 0 and 24 hours after slaughtering. The amount of selenium deposited in breast muscle of birds fed organic selenium had significant increase when compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Generally, the results of this study showed that 100% replacement of sodium selenite with organic selenium from Spirulina algae led to increase in breast muscle selenium deposition without reduction in bird performance.

Deliverance of self at Forugh Farrokhzad’s poems is the fundamental issue at this article. This concept like other affections and sentimentalities of mankind is the main theme portions of the contemporary Farsi poetry.At two portions, the writer has attempted to manifest the concept of deliverance from self passion at Forugh’s poems. At the first portion the writer explains manifestations of her poems, which is transfiguration of this concept by the discussion of five specifications: the sense of consensus, knowledge or insight, doubts, unprejudiced and the refraining of expressing individual sentimentalities. At the second portion the writer enumerates eight important factors as factors making deliverance of self at the poet which are: love, idealization, commitment for life, God- believing, loneliness or reclusiveness, pain and suffering, death demand, versification.The aim of the article is that the reader by deliberation at poetical samples of Forugh and other lateral discussions - which are presented in various parts of the article- be able to figure out the approach and attention of Forugh on the concept of deliverance of self and can analyze this kind of approach by other poet’s point of view.

The aim of this paper is to consider whether critical rationalism has any ideas which could usefully be applied to the internet.  Today we tend to take the internet for granted and it is easy to forget that it was only about two decades ago that it began to be used to any significant extent. Accordingly in section 1 of the paper, there is a brief consideration of the history of the internet.  At first sight this makes it looks implausible that any of Popper’s ideas could be applicable to the internet, since Popper died before the internet came into general use.  However, section 2 argues that Popper’s theory of World 3 does apply very well to the internet.  This application is significant because, as shown in section 3, it leads to the problem of misinformation, which is one of the most significant problems generated by the internet.  In section 4 there is an attempt to solve this problem using ideas taken from Popper’s epistemology. It is argued that there should be changes in education designed to prepare students for the internet age. Teaching in the internet age should focus on presenting to the students not just the accepted theories but also the evidence on which they are based. An illustration of how this might be done is given by considering an example from science teaching, namely the teaching of Newtonian mechanics in the last years of school or first years of university.

Background and Aim: Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common condition in obesity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aged garlic extract and aerobic training on TLR4/NFƙ, B inflammatory signaling pathway gene expression in obese male rats. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to high-fat diet (n = 32) and standard diet group (n = 8) for 9 weeks. After inducing obesity in the rats fed high-fat diet, the rats of this group were divided into four subgroups (n = 8), including the obese control (OC), the supplemented with aged garlic extract (AGE), the aerobic training (AT), and the supplemented with aged garlic extract + aerobic training (AGE + AT). The rats in the standard diet group also continued their diet for 8 weeks and interventions continued for 8 weeks. AGE was fed to rats once daily at a dose of 600 mg/kg by gavage. AT also included running on a treadmill five days a week. The TLR4 and NFƙ, B gene expression was measured by Real-time PCR and lipid profile changes evaluated in plasma. Results: All interventions led to a significant decrease in TLR4 and NFƙ, B gene expression in visceral fat, as well as improving the lipid profile of obese rats (p = 0. 001). TLR4 reduction was higher in AGE + AT group (p = 0. 001). On the other hand, AGE and AGE + AT caused a greater decrease in NFƙ, B gene expression compared to AT (p = 0. 001). AGE + AT also improved the lipid profile more compared to other interventions (p = 0. 001). Conclusion: The combining of interventions is more effective in reducing TLR4 and NFƙ, B gene expression in visceral fat as well as improving lipid profile.